Finding a new lump or bump on your pet can be concerning. Fortunately, not every skin mass is something to worry about. One common diagnosis we see after performing a fine needle aspirate (cytology) is a follicular cyst or keratin cyst, both of which are generally considered benign skin growths.
What Is a Follicular or Keratin Cyst?
Follicular and keratin cysts develop within the skin and are typically filled with keratin, a protein naturally found in hair, skin, and nails. These cysts are considered benign, meaning they have very limited potential to spread to other parts of the body.
When cytology results are consistent with a follicular or keratin cyst, it is usually reassuring news for pet owners.
Do These Cysts Need to Be Removed?
In most cases, the answer is no.
Many follicular and keratin cysts remain stable for years and do not cause discomfort for the pet. Because they are benign, surgical removal is not always necessary.
However, there are situations where removal may be recommended:
• The cyst repeatedly ruptures or opens.
• The cyst becomes infected.
• The cyst causes irritation or discomfort.
• The location interferes with your pet’s daily activities.
• The owner wishes to remove it for cosmetic reasons.
If removal is being considered, your veterinarian can discuss the procedure and provide an estimate for surgery.
Why Monitoring Matters
Even when a mass is diagnosed as benign, ongoing monitoring is important.
Veterinarians expect benign masses to behave in predictable ways. Any significant changes could indicate that further evaluation is needed. Pet owners should watch for:
• Increases in size
• Changes in shape
• Changes in color
• New redness or inflammation
• Discharge, bleeding, or ulceration
• Signs of pain or irritation
If you notice any of these changes, contact your veterinarian promptly.
The Value of Photographs and Measurements
One of the simplest and most effective ways to monitor a skin mass is by taking periodic photographs and measurements.
Small changes can be difficult to notice from day to day. By documenting the mass over time, you and your veterinarian can more easily identify meaningful changes that may warrant additional testing or treatment.
Consider:
• Taking a clear photograph every month.
• Measuring the mass with a ruler or calipers.
• Keeping notes about any changes you observe.
When Additional Testing May Be Needed
While cytology provides valuable information, no test is perfect. If a mass begins behaving in a way that is inconsistent with a benign follicular or keratin cyst, surgical removal and submission for histopathology may be recommended.
Histopathology allows a veterinary pathologist to examine the entire tissue sample and provide a definitive diagnosis.
Our Recommendation
If your pet has been diagnosed with a follicular or keratin cyst, the outlook is generally very positive. Most of these masses can simply be monitored at home while maintaining regular veterinary checkups.
At Cascade Heights Veterinary Center, we encourage pet owners to stay observant, document any changes, and contact us if they have concerns. Early communication helps ensure that any skin mass continues to behave as expected and allows us to intervene promptly if needed.
If you have questions about a lump, bump, or skin growth on your pet, our veterinary team is always here to help.